Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• drop on a rough surface, liquid is pressed between the cavities by the Laplace pressure. If the liquid penetrates into the cavities so far that it touches the substrate, a transition of the wetting states takes place [75]. Whether a transition occurs or not is influenced by the shape and dimensions of

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Analysis of catalyst surface wetting: the early stage of epitaxial germanium nanowire growth

• Owen C. Ernst,
• Felix Lange,
• David Uebel,
• Thomas Teubner and
• Torsten Boeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1371–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.121

• possibility to further process the obtained particles as nanocatalysts is verified. The importance of a persistent thin communication wetting layer between the particles and its effects on particle size and number is also clarified here. In particular, the intrinsic reduction of the Laplace pressure of the

• grow germanium nanowires on different substrates is described. Keywords: dewetting; germanium; interfacial energy; Laplace pressure; nanostructure; nanowire; Ostwald ripening; wetting layer; Introduction Wetting phenomena as well as the formation and movement of droplets are essential for numerous

• droplets are characterized by a high surface curvature, which leads to a high Laplace pressure. As the temperature rises, the Laplace pressure in the droplets increases, increasing the likelihood of re-evaporation as long as the pressure is not reduced by other effects, such as Ostwald ripening. Ostwald

Novel reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic–superhydrophilic surfaces induced by charge injection and heating

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Junwen Hou and
• Dongbao Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 840–847, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.84

• termed electrowetting [19]. The equilibrium morphology under electrical wetting conditions is determined by the equilibrium of Maxwell stress and Laplace pressure [20][21]. Verplanck et al. [22] reported the reversible electrical wetting of droplets on superhydrophobic silicon nanowires in air and oil

Capillary force-induced superlattice variation atop a nanometer-wide graphene flake and its moiré origin studied by STM

• Loji K. Thomas and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 804–810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.80

• interaction due to the applied potential difference between the tip and sample [38][39][40][41][42][43] (or tip and graphene [28]), and (c) capillary forces due to the Laplace pressure generated by the formation of a highly curved fluid meniscus between the tip and the surface [29][44][45]. The capillary

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Marta Berholts,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 660–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.61

• of the two contacting solids within the liquid, and the capillary force Fc, due to the Laplace pressure of the water meniscus forming between the tip and the sample [33][34]: For a spherically shaped meniscus, Fc in first order by [35] can be written as where RT = 10 nm is the tip radius, θSL = 5

The nanofluidic confinement apparatus: studying confinement-dependent nanoparticle behavior and diffusion

• Stefan Fringes,
• Felix Holzner and
• Armin W. Knoll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 301–310, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.30

• thickness 550 μm). Therefore also the radius of curvature of the droplet is increased, resulting in a reduced Young–Laplace pressure and a high stability of the system. A water reservoir next to the the central droplet (Figure 1c) reduces the evaporation of the droplet in the slit and ensures system

• in the Young–Laplace pressure, which bends the cover glass such that the motion of the piezo and the cover glass are not in 1:1 correspondence. Therefore, we use the interference of the light between the sample and the cover glass as a measurement of the gap distance. For this measurement, we have to

When the going gets rough – studying the effect of surface roughness on the adhesive abilities of tree frogs

• Niall Crawford,
• Thomas Endlein,
• Jonathan T. Pham,
• Mathis Riehle and
• W. Jon P. Barnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.201

• fluid to fill the space under the pad, leaving air pockets that would significantly reduce the Laplace pressure component of capillarity. Therefore, we measured how well the adhesive toe pad would conform to spherical asperities of known sizes using interference reflection microscopy. Based on

• capillary forces will be reduced due to a decline in the Laplace pressure component of capillarity [7]. Bhushan’s ‘submerged‘ regime is that of a rock/torrent frog climbing water-covered rock, where the toe pads are completely submerged, thus abolishing any meniscus [8]. In such cases, capillary forces will

• the volume of fluid is at a minimum, particularly at the air–water interface around the edge of the pad, for it is the curvature of the meniscus that provides the adhesive force, either directly through tensile forces that depend on length (circumference of pad) or on pressure forces (Laplace pressure

Three-gradient regular solution model for simple liquids wetting complex surface topologies

• Sabine Akerboom,
• Marleen Kamperman and
• Frans A. M. Leermakers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1377–1396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.129

• the Laplace equation we know that in droplets with curved L/V interfaces there is a Laplace pressure. As a consequence the chemical potential of the liquid in a drop is at a higher chemical potential compared to systems with planar interfaces. The increased chemical potential is reflected in the

• curvature on the L/V interface in the opening is concave, resulting in a negative Laplace pressure inside the droplet. Since the chemical potential of the liquid molecules should be the same everywhere, this means that the vapour phase is under-saturated (see Figure 7A). The volume fraction of liquid in the

Cantilever bending based on humidity-actuated mesoporous silica/silicon bilayers

• Christian Ganser,
• Gerhard Fritz-Popovski,
• Roland Morak,
• Parvin Sharifi,
• Benedetta Marmiroli,
• Barbara Sartori,
• Heinz Amenitsch,
• Thomas Griesser,
• Christian Teichert and
• Oskar Paris

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 637–644, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.56

• during adsorption, and the formation of a hemispherical meniscus at the pore ends after capillary condensation lead to a Laplace pressure PL(RH). While the change of γSL gives rise to an increase of ε with increasing RH, PL is opposite in sign. This leads to the often observed non-monotonous shape of the

Two-phase equilibrium states in individual Cu–Ni nanoparticles: size, depletion and hysteresis effects

• Aram S. Shirinyan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1811–1820, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.185

• and foremost for pure materials) is the size-dependent melting temperature shift which is usually observed and explained in accordance to the so called capillary effect (surface-to-volume ratio or Laplace pressure) [1][2][3]. Somewhat less attention has been paid to binary and multicomponent

• ) are shifted Gibbs free energy densities of given phases due to Laplace pressure. The value X0 is the initial composition. The solubilities of chemical elements are shifted as compared with bulk situation (if one uses the rule of common tangent). Possible phase transformation mode: an individual

Surface topography and contact mechanics of dry and wet human skin

• Alexander E. Kovalev,
• Kirstin Dening,
• Bo N. J. Persson and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1341–1348, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.147

• bridges. We can take into account capillary bridges in an approximate way as described in detail in [20]. That is, water is placed at the interface between the skin and the glass surface in all regions where the separation is less than the water layer thickness: The negative Laplace pressure in the

Physical principles of fluid-mediated insect attachment - Shouldn’t insects slip?

• Jan-Henning Dirks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1160–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.127

• , undeformable disk and substrate with a mediating continuous fluid-layer (see Figure 2 and [30][38][39][40][41][42]). In this simple model, the total adhesive force is basically the sum of three components: the surface tension of the fluid, the Laplace pressure (both often combined as “capillary forces”) and

• mediating fluid volume should decline over time. In a static adhesive pad with a Newtonian fluid, only the (negligible) surface tension and the small Laplace pressure would thus determine the overall adhesive force of the insect foot (Table 1). Fluid-mediated friction forces In a fluid mediated system with

The study of surface wetting, nanobubbles and boundary slip with an applied voltage: A review

• Yunlu Pan,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1042–1065, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.117

• 50–800 nm in diameter at the interface of solid and liquid, were found on some hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces [14][16][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The nanobubbles change the interface of solid and liquid and therefore are believed to affect the drag of liquid flow. Due to the high Laplace

• pressure of the nanobubbles, the bubbles should theoretically disappear after several milliseconds [39]. However, it is found that nanobubbles can be stable for hours [40] or days [41]. The nanobubbles gained much attention due to the abnormal stability and many potential applications [42][43][44][45][46

Platinum nanoparticles from size adjusted functional colloidal particles generated by a seeded emulsion polymerization process

• Nicolas Vogel,
• Ulrich Ziener,
• Achim Manzke,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Clemens K. Weiss and
• Katharina Landfester

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 459–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.50

• nanoparticles [17][18][19][20]. Here, the monomer droplets are preformed by ultrasonication and critically stabilized against coagulation by the addition of surfactants. Ostwald ripening, the mechanism that leads to formation of bigger particles at the expense of smaller ones due to the higher Laplace pressure

• of the latter, is prevented by addition of a co-stabilizer. This component, highly insoluble in the continuous phase, creates an osmotic pressure in the droplets and, thus, acts as a counterforce to the Laplace pressure. Hence, no effective diffusion takes place during the polymerization, and

Superhydrophobicity in perfection: the outstanding properties of the lotus leaf

• Hans J. Ensikat,
• Petra Ditsche-Kuru,
• Christoph Neinhuis and
• Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 152–161, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.19

• roughly. Water droplets with a radius <100 nm may be able to intrude between the wax tubules; this curvature corresponds to a Laplace pressure of >1.4 MPa (14 bar). Varanasi et al. (2009) [22] calculated the capillary pressures of hydrophobic test samples with structure dimensions roughly similar to those

Review and outlook: from single nanoparticles to self-assembled monolayers and granular GMR sensors

• Alexander Weddemann,
• Inga Ennen,
• Anna Regtmeier,
• Camelia Albon,
• Annalena Wolff,
• Katrin Eckstädt,
• Nadine Mill,
• Michael K.-H. Peter,
• Jochen Mattay,
• Carolin Plattner,
• Norbert Sewald and
• Andreas Hütten

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 75–93, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.10

• .) if the drop parameters such as volume–diameter relation for a specific solvent-substrate combination are known. Further, capillary forces improve the ordering of the particle monolayer along the edge (Figure 10(e)). This attractive force is caused by the Laplace pressure which arises when a curved